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22 Nov 2009
Science News for 02 Jul 2009
AGU journal highlights - July 2, 2009
2 Jul 2009
1. Ancient supervolcano's eruption caused decade of severe winters Previous studies have suggested that Indonesia's Toba supervolcano, when it erupted about 74,000 years ago, triggered a 1,000-year episode of ice sheet advance, and also may...

AGU journal highlights -- July 2, 2009
2 Jul 2009
1. Ancient supervolcano's eruption caused decade of severe winters Previous studies have suggested that Indonesia's Toba supervolcano, when it erupted about 74,000 years ago, triggered a 1,000-year episode of ice sheet advance, and also may...

'Genetic arms race' between bacteria, viruses subject of stimulus grant
2 Jul 2009
Cyanobacteria will be focus of research project IMAGE: Michigan State University researcher Jay Lennon will work with researchers in Tennessee to probe the interplay between cyanobacteria and viruses. Click...

Children with autism need to be taught in smaller groups, pilot study confirms
2 Jul 2009
NEW YORK, July 1, 2009 – Since the 1970s, there has been much debate surrounding the fact that individuals with autism have difficulty in understanding speech in situations where there is background speech or noise. Today, at the annual...

All in sight
2 Jul 2009
The Alfred Wegener Institute tests infrared system for the protection of whales IMAGE: The FIRST Navy thermal imager is installed in Polarstern’s crow’s nest at a height of about 28 m above water on...

A question of height
2 Jul 2009
What Europe can learn from the successful reintroduction of a once extinct butterfly in Britain IMAGE: This is a photo of a Large Blue butterfly (Maculinea arion). Click here for more...

New focus on the moon
2 Jul 2009
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera releases its first images of the moon IMAGE: This Locator Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera's Narrow Angle Camera image shows the position of the first two images. This...

Nursery programs for corals receive TLC from NOAA this Independence Day
2 Jul 2009
$350K in stimulus funding to greatly expand reef restoration efforts in Florida, US Virgin Islands IMAGE: University of Miami scientist Dr. Diego Lirman makes sure new staghorn coral fragments are safely...

Report calls for new initiative to improve math education for preschoolers
2 Jul 2009
WASHINGTON -- To ensure that all children enter elementary school with the foundation they need for success, a major national initiative is needed to improve early childhood mathematics education, says a new report from the National Research...

Existing Parkinson's disease drug may fight drug-resistant TB
2 Jul 2009
Existing drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease could be repositioned for use in the treatment of extreme drug-resistant tuberculosis, which kills about 2 million people each year, according to a study led by researchers at the...

Evolution: Crabs go deep to avoid hot water
2 Jul 2009
King crabs Researchers from the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, have drawn together 200 years' worth of oceanographic knowledge to investigate the distribution of a notorious deep-sea giant – the king crab. The results,...

Pinpointing origin of gamma rays from a supermassive black hole
2 Jul 2009
High-resolution radio, gamma-ray observations reveal site of relativistic particle acceleration in galaxy M 87 IMAGE: The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) is a collection of four...

LRO's first moon images
2 Jul 2009
IMAGE: This image shows cratered regions near the moon's Mare Nubium region, as photographed by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's LROC instrument. Each image shows a region 1,400 meters (0.87 miles)...

Researchers unite to distribute quantum keys
2 Jul 2009
Researchers from across Europe have united to build the largest quantum key distribution network ever built. The efforts of 41 research and industrial organisations were realised as secure, quantum encrypted information was sent over an eight...

New book by USC professor details the economics of climate change policies
2 Jul 2009
Information timely as 'cap and trade' discussions unfold Los Angeles, Calif. - As the U.S. Congress considers enacting historic "cap and trade" legislation, a newly-published book by University of Southern California professor Adam Rose...

Integrated optical trap holds particles for on-chip analysis
2 Jul 2009
SANTA CRUZ, CA--A new type of optical particle trap can be used to manipulate bacteria, viruses and other particles on a chip as part of an integrated optofluidic platform. The optical trap is the latest innovation from researchers at the Jack...

Ben-Gurion U. researchers reveal connection between cancer and human evolution
2 Jul 2009
Mutational patterns in mitochondrial genomes show functional importance of evolution and disease BEER-SHEVA, ISRAEL, July 2, 2009 – Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) have discovered that gene mutations that once...

Natural compound stops retinopathy
2 Jul 2009
Compound restores balance in eye with one treatment; affects macular degeneration and cancer too IMAGE: Dr. Timothy Lyons, left, director of the Harold Hamm Oklahoma Diabetes Center, stands with Dr. Jay Ma,...

Mars data published in Science this week
2 Jul 2009
Four papers in the journal Science this week offer new details about the history of water on Mars, gleaned from the 2008 NASA Phoenix Mars Mission that was operated from The University of Arizona. Peter H. Smith, a scientist with the UA Lunar...

Overweight kids experience more loneliness, anxiety, MU study finds
2 Jul 2009
IMAGE: A new University of Missouri study has found that overweight children, especially girls, show signs of the negative consequences of overweight as early as kindergarten. Click here for more...

UT multimedia program increases middle school interest in science
2 Jul 2009
Middle school students who were part of a unique science learning program developed by The University of Texas School of Public Health showed significant increases in interest and achievement scores compared to other students, a recent study...

'Righteous Dopefiend'
2 Jul 2009
IMAGE: William Julius Wilson describes this book as "A riveting novel of the daily struggles for survival of homeless people with a physical and emotional addiction to heroin ". Click here for more...

Climate change and the mystery of the shrinking sheep
2 Jul 2009
Milder winters are causing Scotland's wild breed of Soay sheep to get smaller, despite the evolutionary benefits of possessing a large body, according to new research due to be published in this week's Science Express (2 July). **Principal...

Many characteristics of Mars, including ice, are similar to Earth, paper says
2 Jul 2009
Mars gets as far as 250 million miles away, but many parts of it closely resemble places on Earth, including its landscape, history of water, soil and even its weather, says a Texas A&M University researcher in the current issue of...

MIT and CDC discover why H1N1 flu spreads inefficiently
2 Jul 2009
Flu virus ill-suited for rapid transmission, but researchers say new strain bears watching, could mutate CAMBRIDGE, Mass.—A team from MIT and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found a genetic explanation for why the new...

Research output in developing countries reveals 194 percent increase in five years
2 Jul 2009
Research4Life demonstrates profound impact on scholarly landscape London, 2 July 2009 – The partners of Research4Life announced today at the World Conference of Science Journalists 2009 that a new research impact analysis has demonstrated...

Pacific Northwest forests could store more carbon, help address greenhouse issues
2 Jul 2009
CORVALLIS, Ore. – The forests of the Pacific Northwest hold significant potential to increase carbon storage and help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in coming years, a recent study concludes, if they are managed primarily for that...

Study identifies how tamoxifen stimulates uterine cell growth and cancer
2 Jul 2009
UCSF researchers have identified a new "feed-forward" pathway linking estrogen receptors in the membrane of the uterus to a process that increases local estrogen levels and promotes cell growth. The research is significant in helping...

Graduate students win prestigious prizes for their work
2 Jul 2009
Three applied math graduate students receive SIAM Student Paper Prizes Each year, the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) awards SIAM Student Paper Prizes to the most outstanding papers submitted to the SIAM Student Paper...

Learning from locusts
2 Jul 2009
Queen's University study points toward new treatment for stroke and migraine IMAGE: Queen's University biologists are learning from locusts how the human brain may be manipulated to alleviate diseases such as...

Stanford bioethicist and colleagues call for federal regulation of genetic ancestry testing
2 Jul 2009
STANFORD, Calif. — Imagine donating a sample of your DNA to help researchers study the genetics of diabetes. The disease is common among your friends and family, and you're proud of your role in finding out why. Now, imagine that some...

Second Life data offers window into how trends spread
2 Jul 2009
ANN ARBOR, Mich.---Do friends wear the same style of shoe or see the same movies because they have similar tastes, which is why they became friends in the first place? Or once a friendship is established, do individuals influence each other to...

Research output in developing countries reveals 194 percent increase in 5 years
2 Jul 2009
Research4Life demonstrates profound impact on scholarly landscape London, 2 July 2009 – The partners of Research4Life announced today at the World Conference of Science Journalists 2009 that a new research impact analysis has demonstrated...

Brain malformations significantly associated with preterm birth, Wake Forest research shows
2 Jul 2009
WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. – New research out of Wake Forest University School of Medicine provides for the first time a solid scientific answer for the long-standing question of whether there is an association between preterm birth and brain...

UT scientist receives hemophilia research award
2 Jul 2009
Keri Smith, Ph.D., an assistant professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, has received a Career Development Award from the National Hemophilia Foundation. The award will...

Sexist jokes favor the mental mechanisms that justify violence against women
2 Jul 2009
This release is available in Spanish. Sexist jokes (and all the variants of this kind of humour) favour the mental mechanisms which urge to violence and battering against women in individuals with macho attitudes. Those are the conclusions of...

NASA's Fermi Telescope reveals a population of radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars
2 Jul 2009
'Blind search' technique developed by UC Santa Cruz physicists SANTA CRUZ, CA--A new class of pulsars detected by NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is solving the mystery of previously unidentified gamma-ray sources and helping scientists...

New type of El Nino could mean more hurricanes make landfall
2 Jul 2009
IMAGE: The 2008 hurricane season was one of the most active on record. In this image, taken on August 28, 2008, three storms can be seen in various stages: Fay, Gustav... Click here for more...

Perfect pitch study offers window into influences of nature and nurture
2 Jul 2009
Practice, practice, practice might get you to Carnegie Hall, but for aspiring musicians, there's new evidence that genes may influence one's ability to get there, as well. Perfect pitch, also known as absolute pitch, is the rare ability to...

VLBA locates superenergetic bursts near giant black hole
2 Jul 2009
Worldwide telescope collaboration pinpoints mysterious origin of extremely energetic gamma rays coming from giant galaxy's core Using a worldwide combination of diverse telescopes, astronomers have discovered that a giant galaxy's bursts of...

MIT researchers find new actions of neurochemicals
2 Jul 2009
Work with tiny worm could point to new treatments for human brain disorders VIDEO: This is C. elegans responding to a touch stimulus. Click here for more information. Although the...

Gene's novel role may provide key to treating liver and neurodegenerative diseases
2 Jul 2009
'FAIM' gene research conducted by Singapore scientists Scientists at Singapore's Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI) have made a novel discovery about how the gene, "Fas-apoptosis inhibitory molecule" (FAIM), protects both immune and liver...

Bioethicists lead call for public debates on future uses of stem cells
2 Jul 2009
Science is running ahead of public debate and guidelines to grapple with use of stem cell-derived eggs and sperm More than 40 scientists, bioethicists, lawyers and science journal editors are calling on their colleagues, policy makers and the...

Liverpool to strengthen health research in Africa
2 Jul 2009
Researchers at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) and the University of Liverpool will work with universities across Africa as part of a £30 million initiative to strengthen research into science and health on the...

Biological warfare in bacteria offers hope for new antibiotics
2 Jul 2009
Scientists are to study a group of proteins that are highly effective at killing bacteria and which could hold the key to developing new types of antibiotics. Researchers from the Universities of York and Leeds have been awarded £3.3m...

Survival rates for elderly receiving hospital CPR did not improve from 1992 to 2005
2 Jul 2009
Proportion of deaths after CPR rose, and rate of successful resuscitation and later discharge fell A study of elderly patients receiving CPR in the hospital shows that rates of survival did not improve from 1992 to 2005. During that period, the...

Mexican wives' mental health dives when husbands work in US
2 Jul 2009
Selected highlights from a new study on immigration, health and gender roles: Mexican wives who stay home when their husbands immigrate to the United States for work have poorer mental health than a comparison group. Shifting gender roles...

Center receives grant renewal for hypertension and vascular disease studies
2 Jul 2009
WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. – The Hypertension and Vascular Research Center at Wake Forest University School of Medicine has received renewal of a multi-million dollar grant from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National...

Study shows PET can measure effectiveness of novel breast cancer treatment
2 Jul 2009
Study in mice holds potential for people diagnosed with cancer, according to study RESTON, Va.—A new study published in the July issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine shows that positron emission tomography (PET) scans in mice can be...

Printable batteries
2 Jul 2009
This release is available in German. IMAGE: The small, thin battery comes out of the printer and can be applied to flexible substrates. Click here for more information. In the...

New targeted therapy finds and eliminates deadly leukemia stem cells
2 Jul 2009
New research describes a molecular tool that shows great promise as a therapeutic for human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a notoriously treatment-resistant blood cancer. The study, published by Cell Press in the July 2nd issue of the journal...

Rampant helper syndrome
2 Jul 2009
Methane-producing molecule can also repair DNA The Archaea are single-celled organisms and a domain unto themselves, quite apart from the so called eukaryotes, being bacteria and higher organisms. Many species live under extreme conditions, and...

Ferns took to the trees and thrived
2 Jul 2009
DURHAM, N.C. -- As flowering plants like giant trees quickly rose to dominate plant communities during the Cretaceous period, the ferns that had preceded them hardly saw it as a disappointment. In fact, they flourished. While modern tropical...

Poor health among indigenous peoples a question of cultural loss as well as poverty
2 Jul 2009
Canadian and Australian researchers discuss underlying causes of health disparities Edmonton, Alberta (July 3, 2009) – The health problems of Indigenous peoples around the world are intimately tied to a number of unique factors, such as...

Virus-resistant grapevines
2 Jul 2009
This release is available in German. IMAGE: The plant on the left is unmodified and therefore susceptible to viral infections. The other two were modified -- the one in the center is 59 percent resistant to...

A rush of blood to the head -- anger increases blood flow
2 Jul 2009
Mental stress causes carotid artery dilation and increases brain blood flow. A series of ultrasound experiments, described in BioMed Central's open access journal Cardiovascular Ultrasound, also found that this dilatory reflex was absent in...

Plants' internal clock can improve climate-change models
2 Jul 2009
The ability of plants to tell the time, a mechanism common to all living beings, enables them to survive, grow and reproduce. In a study published in the latest issue of the prestigious journal Ecology Letters, an international team has...

Research reveals what drives lung cancer's spread
2 Jul 2009
NEW YORK, JULY 2, 2009 – A new study by researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) reveals the genetic underpinnings of what causes lung cancer to quickly metastasize, or spread, to the brain and the bone – the...

UCLA scientists find molecular differences between embryonic stem cells and reprogrammed skin cells
2 Jul 2009
UCLA researchers have found that embryonic stem cells and skin cells reprogrammed into embryonic-like cells have inherent molecular differences, demonstrating for the first time that the two cell types are clearly distinguishable from one...

The problem with self-help books: Study shows the negative side to positive self-statements
2 Jul 2009
In times of doubt and uncertainty, many Americans turn to self-help books in search of encouragement, guidance and self-affirmation. The positive self-statements suggested in these books, such as "I am a lovable person" or "I will succeed,"...

Prostate cancer patients disease free after 5 years likely to be disease free after 10 years
2 Jul 2009
Prostate cancer patients who receive brachytherapy and remain free of disease for five years or greater are unlikely to have a recurrence at 10 years, according to a study in the July 1 issue of the International Journal of Radiation...

Grant received for eye disorder research
2 Jul 2009
Researchers at the Peninsula Medical School in Plymouth and Exeter have received a grant of £9,600 from the Northcott Devon Medical Foundation to continue its research into the genetic causes of eye movement disorders Researchers at the...

U Alberta researcher in same group as Darwin and Hawking
2 Jul 2009
Edmonton—John Vederas, a University of Alberta professor in the department of chemistry, has been named to the Royal Society, the national academy of science of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. The ceremony takes place the week...

In the eye of the storm: Why some people stayed behind
2 Jul 2009
Hurricane Katrina was the largest natural disaster in U.S. history, claiming the lives of more than 1,800 victims and causing well over $100 billion in damage along the Gulf Coast. The 2005 storm breached every levee in New Orleans, flooding...

News media registration open for 20th World Diabetes Congress
2 Jul 2009
October 18-22, 2009, in Montreal, Canada News media registration for the biennial meeting of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) is now open. The 20th World Diabetes Congress will be held October 18-22, 2009 at Palais des Congrès...

Scientists 'rebuild' giant moa using ancient DNA
2 Jul 2009
Scientists have performed the first DNA-based reconstruction of the giant extinct moa bird, using prehistoric feathers recovered from caves and rock shelters in New Zealand. Researchers from the University of Adelaide and Landcare Research in...

JNCI news brief: Improving the biomarker pipeline for early cancer detection
2 Jul 2009
Several statistical and biological issues need to be addressed in order to improve biomarker identification for early detection of cancer, according to a commentary published online July 2 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The...

JNCI news brief: Hepatitis B virus mutations may predict risk of liver cancer
2 Jul 2009
Certain mutations in the DNA of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) are associated with the development of liver cancer and may help predict which patients with HBV infections are at increased risk of the disease, according to a large meta-analysis in...

Visit to the doctor: The supply of additional private services is increasing
2 Jul 2009
Panel physicians are increasingly offering individual health services (IHS) to patients with statutory health insurance. This is documented by Susanne Richter et al. of the Department of Social Medicine, Lübeck University, in the new...

'Jumping gene' diminishes the effect of a new type 2 diabetes risk gene
2 Jul 2009
Research led by the German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) has identified a new gene associated with diabetes, together with a mechanism that makes obese mice less susceptible to diabetes. A genomic fragment that occurs naturally in some...

Doubts cast on credibility of some published clinical trials
2 Jul 2009
This release is available in Chinese. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) are considered the 'gold standard' research method for assessing new medical treatments. But research published in BioMed Central's open access journal Trials shows...

Heart transplant recipients can improve fitness and perform high intensity workouts
2 Jul 2009
Heart transplant recipients' cardio-respiratory fitness is around 30 to 50 per cent lower than age-matched healthy sedentary individuals. As a result, exercise rehabilitation should be very important to these patients, and a University of...

 
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