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21 Nov 2009
Science News for 07 May 2009
Faster computers, electronic devices possible after scientists create large-area graphene on copper
7 May 2009
IMAGE: This is a scanning electron microscope image of copper foil fully covered with graphene. Click here for more information. AUSTIN, Texas—The creation of large-area...

NASA's THEMIS: 'singing' electrons help create and destroy 'killer' electrons
7 May 2009
IMAGE: This is an artist's concept of the THEMIS main orbits, represented by red ovals. Blue lines represent Earth's magnetic field over the night side. The white flash represents energy released... Click here...

Health and well-being in old age: It's still money that counts
7 May 2009
The impact that wealth and social class has on people's well-being in old age is far greater than is often assumed. New research from the Economic and Social Research Council reveals just how great the difference really is in people's health...

'Youth and Crime' author to speak on young people in conflict with the law
7 May 2009
Launch of 'Youth and Crime 3e' Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore and Washington DC (7 May, 2009) – Best selling author John Muncie will today launch the third edition of his core criminology textbook, Youth and Crime, with a...

Report examines limits of national power grid simulations
7 May 2009
America's power grid today resembles the country's canal system of the 19th Century. A marvel of engineering for its time, the canal system eventually could not keep pace with the growing demands of transcontinental transportation. More than...

Timing is everything for northern shrimp populations in the north Atlantic
7 May 2009
Early indicator of changes in climate, ecosystems Even for Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis), which support commercial fisheries worldwide, timing is everything in life. The tiny creatures, eaten in shrimp rolls and shrimp salad, occupy a...

Study: US-Canadian shale could neutralize Russian energy threat to Europeans
7 May 2009
New Baker Institute report looks at Russia and world energy balance IMAGE: Rising shale gas production in the United States and Canada as well as potential natural gas supplies from Iraq could be pivotal in...

Study reveals current multi-component vaccines may need reworking
7 May 2009
Current strategies for designing vaccines against HIV and cancers, for instance, may enable some components in multi-component vaccines to cancel the effect of others on the immune system, eliminating their ability to provide protection,...

Intriguing early results for device that reshapes enlarged, leaky heart valve
7 May 2009
A fast, simple treatment option for patients too sick for surgery? LAS VEGAS, NV (May 7 2009) — An innovative device that acts like a belt to reshape an enlarged, leaky heart valve is providing a minimally invasive treatment option for...

University awarded £1.7M to develop nanotechnology for use in health care
7 May 2009
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have been awarded £1.7 million to investigate how nanotechnology could be used to improve the effectiveness of pharmaceutical drugs. Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of matter at sizes...

New GSA volume takes bite out of Southern California geoscience
7 May 2009
IMAGE: This is the cover of "Earth Science in the Urban Ocean: The Southern California Continental Borderland, " which is edited by Homa J. Lee and William R. Normark. Click here for more...

Hubble repair mission carrying $70 million CU-Boulder instrument on track for May 11 launch
7 May 2009
IMAGE: This is a photo of the Hubble Space Telescope. Click here for more information. A $70 million instrument designed by the University of Colorado at Boulder to probe the...

UC Riverside receives $100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations grant
7 May 2009
Entomologist Anandasankar Ray will explore long-range olfactory repellents for malaria-transmitting mosquitoes IMAGE: Anandasankar Ray is an assistant professor in the department of entomology at UC...

Consumers more likely to identify healthy food using traffic light nutrition labels
7 May 2009
Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Consumers are five times more likely to identify healthy food when they see colour-coded traffic light nutrition labels than when labels present the information numerically by showing what percentage of the...

Study suggests biomass converted into electricity could be more efficient than ethanol
7 May 2009
UC Merced Professor Elliott Campbel lead author in study published in Science MERCED – Concerns over petroleum gas prices and long-term effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the environment have prompted scientists to look for...

Refined Hubble Constant narrows explanations for dark energy
7 May 2009
Whatever dark energy is, explanations for it have less wiggle room following a Hubble Space Telescope observation that has refined the measurement of the universe's present expansion rate to a precision where the error is smaller than 5...

Visualizing virus replication in three dimensions
7 May 2009
Scientists at Heidelberg University Hospital present the first three-dimensional model of dengue virus replication: Article in Cell Host & Microbes IMAGE: This is the cover illustration of the newest issue...

Study reveals current multicomponent vaccines may need reworking
7 May 2009
Current strategies for designing vaccines against HIV and cancers, for instance, may enable some components in multi-component vaccines to cancel the effect of others on the immune system, eliminating their ability to provide protection,...

Encyclopedia of Insects
7 May 2009
New edition of the award-winning reference Announcing the forthcoming publication of the new second edition of the award winning Encyclopedia of Insects, By Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde. Awarded Best Reference by the New York Public...

'Portfolios of the Poor' offers rare look at the financial lives of the world's poor
7 May 2009
BILLIONS of people around the world live on less than $2 per day—what many in the developed world easily spend on a cup of coffee. As global leaders work to stabilize the financial systems of the world's largest economies, they also have...

Expression of infrared fluorescence engineered in mammals
7 May 2009
Research led by Nobel Prize winner Roger Tsien may provide prototype for future studies in animal models IMAGE: This is the structure of an infrared fluorescent protein. Click here for more...

Creating the astro-comb to locate Earth-like planets
7 May 2009
A new way of reading light will sharpen the view of planets around other stars WASHINGTON, May 7 -- Thanks to the ability of astronomers to detect the presence of extrasolar planets orbiting distant stars, scientists today are able to examine...

New research under way to study treatment for older adults with bipolar disorder
7 May 2009
Effects of medications investigated White Plains, N.Y. (May 7, 2009) -- Continuing their groundbreaking research into the treatment of mood disorders in older adults, psychiatrists at the Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry at the...

ASGE recognizes 68 endoscopy units for quality and safety through endoscopy unit recognition program
7 May 2009
OAK BROOK, Ill. – The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) has recognized 68 endoscopy units as part of its new program specifically dedicated to promoting quality in endoscopy, in all settings where it is practiced in...

Study in pregnant women suggests probiotics may help ward off obesity
7 May 2009
Amsterdam, the Netherlands: One year after giving birth, women were less likely to have the most dangerous kind of obesity if they had been given probiotics from the first trimester of pregnancy, found new research that suggests manipulating...

Big prize for 'small science' physicist
7 May 2009
CSIRO nanoscience physicist wins International Union of Pure and Applied Physics 2009 Young Scientist Prize CSIRO scientist, Dr Amanda Barnard, has been awarded the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) 2009 Young Scientist...

Visualizing virus replication in 3 dimensions
7 May 2009
Scientists at Heidelberg University Hospital present the first 3-dimensional model of dengue virus replication: article in Cell Host & Microbes IMAGE: This is the cover illustration of the newest issue of...

More protection against explosives and nuclear material in freight containers
7 May 2009
PTB and partners have developed an inspection system on the basis of neutron radiation -- detection of nuclear material is planned This release is available in German. It is intended that the research work should lead to permanently installed...

Always safely on the go
7 May 2009
When handling an emergency, firefighters are exposed to a number of risks: noxious fumes, blocked escape paths, potential building collapse. The safety of emergency crews and the efficient locating of persons buried under the rubble are key...

Transmission of MRSA and Clostridium difficile through dogs
7 May 2009
London, UK, 7 May 2009 – In a letter to the Editor of the Journal of Hospital Infection (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jhin), published by Elsevier, S. Lefebvre and J.S. Weese from the University of Guelph in Canada describe a study...

Why silkworms find mulberries attractive
7 May 2009
A new study published online on May 7th in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, has found the source of silkworms' attraction to mulberry leaves, their primary food source. A jasmine-scented chemical emitted in small quantities by the...

Meet DNA's personal assistants
7 May 2009
IMAGE: Dr. Noam Shomron of Tel Aviv University is helping scientists the world over understand what role microRNA plays in skin, cervical and brain cancer, leukemia, HIV, depression, and schizophrenia. Click...

UCLA scientists identify how key protein keeps chronic infection in check
7 May 2009
Finding may explain how immune system restricts spread of HIV, hepatitis Why is the immune system able to fight off some viruses but not others, leading to chronic, life-threatening infections like HIV and hepatitis C? A new UCLA AIDS...

Experts on magnetic cooling to converge on Des Moines
7 May 2009
Magnetic refrigeration conference to draw international audience Researchers and industry representatives in the refrigeration and air conditioning field will converge in Des Moines later this month to discuss and promote the cause of magnetic...

Far UV detector built by UC Berkeley is part of new instrument to be installed on Hubble
7 May 2009
Cosmic Origins Spectrograph to study cosmic web linking ancient galaxies Berkeley -- NASA's final mission to the 17-year-old Hubble Space Telescope, which begins May 11, will deliver a new instrument partly built by University of California,...

Bioelectricity promises more 'miles per acre' than ethanol
7 May 2009
Stanford, CA— Biofuels such as ethanol offer an alternative to petroleum for powering our cars, but growing energy crops to produce them can compete with food crops for farmland, and clearing forests to expand farmland will aggravate the...

Honeybees are on the rise but demand grows faster
7 May 2009
The notion that a decline in pollinators may threaten the human food supply – producing a situation that has been referred to as a "pollination crisis" – can be considered a myth, at least where honey bees are concerned, say...

Patients with mild to moderate OSA may benefit from exercise
7 May 2009
Practicing certain tongue and pharyngeal exercises may reduce symptoms of mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), according to new research being published in the second issue for May of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical...

Online surveillance tools provide opportunity to support public health
7 May 2009
HealthMap swine flu tracking offers a case in point Boston, Mass. – Tapping the Internet – including personal Web searches, news reports, blogs, chat rooms and social networking sites – is fast becoming a way to get a...

4-in-1
7 May 2009
Targeted gene suppression in cancer cells This release is available in German. Diagnosis and treatment in one go: Korean researchers led by Tae Gwan Park and Jinwoo Cheon have developed the basis for a four-in-one agent that can detect,...

IMPAKT -- Breast cancer conference highlights
7 May 2009
May 7-9, 2009, Crowne Plaza Le Palace Hotel, Brussels, Belgium If you are interested in receiving the full text of the press releases and the related abstracts, please contact media@esmo.org Please note that all news releases are embargoed...

Disappearing act of world's second largest fish explained
7 May 2009
Researchers have discovered where basking sharks – the world's second largest fish – hide out for half of every year, according to a report published online on May 7th in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication. The discovery...

Penn State entomologists seek fungus to blunt mosquitoes' sense of smell
7 May 2009
Sick people often lose their sense of smell and their appetite. If this happened to mosquitoes, they would not be able to feed on humans and spread malaria. A team of Penn State entomologists is looking for an insect disease that will infect...

Study finds homicidal poisoning rising, more likely in infants and elderly
7 May 2009
Athens, Ga. – Homicidal poisonings are rare but on the rise—and infants are the most common victims—according to a new University of Georgia study that aims to raise awareness of this often overlooked crime. Greene Shepherd,...

Stigma increases likelihood that drug users reoffend
7 May 2009
Punitive policies intended to reduce drug use by making life difficult for convicted users are counterproductive and actually lead to a vicious spiral of drug use and reincarceration. Research published in BioMed Central's open access journal...

Brain cell mechanism for decision making also underlies judgment about certainty
7 May 2009
Pattern of firing in nerve cells may show degree of confidence in choice Countless times a day people judge their confidence in a choice they are about to make -- that they now can safely turn left at this intersection, that they aren't sure of...

Study finds children's activity levels not influenced by more PE time in school
7 May 2009
Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Scheduling more physical education time in schools does not mean children will increase their activity levels, suggests new research that discovered those who got lots of timetabled exercise at school compensated by...

Rabbits on the back foot -- but naturally they're fighting back
7 May 2009
Some Australian rabbits immune to rabbit hemorrhagic disease Australian rabbits have had everything but the kitchen sink thrown at them over the years. Myxomatosis knocked them about but they bounced back. The same with rabbit haemorrhagic...

OHSU researchers study the idling brain
7 May 2009
MRI research may lead to new methods for diagnosing ADHD and other mental health disorders PORTLAND, Ore – Oregon Health & Science University researchers, along with scientists at Washington University in St. Louis, are uncovering new...

New technique may help detect potential breast cancer spread
7 May 2009
A new phase III clinical trial of early stage breast cancer patients has shown that a molecule designed to home in on nearby lymph nodes is just as accurate as current techniques, but faster, more specific and easier to use. "These results...

Dengue fever costs billions in health care, lost productivity and absenteeism
7 May 2009
New research from Brandeis nets the true economic costs of global mosquito-borne illness Waltham, MA—Researchers at Brandeis, in collaboration with several other institutions worldwide, have pinpointed for the first time the multi-country...

Constant sunlight linked to summer suicide spike
7 May 2009
Suicide rates in Greenland increase during the summer, peaking in June. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Psychiatry speculate that insomnia caused by incessant daylight may be to blame. Karin Sparring Björkstén...

Up to one in six older people living at home face malnutrition risk
7 May 2009
Overall risk is higher for women and depression increases risk for men As many as one in six people who took part in a study of older people who live at home were under-nourished and at risk of malnutrition, according to the May issue of the...

New national initiative to transform safety-net clinics into medical homes in 5 states
7 May 2009
Project supported by the Commonwealth Fund and several co-funders will help local organizations improve patient experiences for more than 500,000 patients in Colorado, Idaho, Massachusetts, Oregon and Pennsylvania New York, NY, May 6,...

Cell's split personality is a major discovery into neurological diseases
7 May 2009
Researchers at the Université de Montreal (UdeM) and the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University have discovered that cells which normally support nerve cell (neuron) survival also play an active and major role in the...

New look at Facebook and grades
7 May 2009
News last month of an unpublished study suggesting that Facebook use is related to lower college academic achievement probably sent more than a few parents reeling. Now a new study may allay those concerns. Attempts by researchers to...

Team of researchers achieves major step toward faster chips
7 May 2009
GAINESVILLE, Fla. --- New research findings could lead to faster, smaller and more versatile computer chips. A team of scientists and engineers from Stanford, the University of Florida and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is the first...

IOF launches educational slide kit to enhance understanding of FRAX
7 May 2009
A concise yet comprehensive new teaching aid, the FRAX® Slide-kit, has been launched by the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) in cooperation with the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases,...

UIC receives $1M HUD grant to study green healthy housing
7 May 2009
The University of Illinois at Chicago has received nearly $1 million from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to study the benefits of green healthy housing. The funding was made available through the American Recovery and...

Up to 1 in 6 older people living at home face malnutrition risk
7 May 2009
Overall risk is higher for women and depression increases risk for men As many as one in six people who took part in a study of older people who live at home were under-nourished and at risk of malnutrition, according to the May issue of the...

Dementia: Early detection is key
7 May 2009
IMAGE: CSIRO's biomedical imaging team is developing image processing algorithms to characterize Alzheimer's disease using quantitative biomarkers. Here a method to compute cortical thickness (color coded)...

HudsonAlpha investigator develops rapid response swine flu test
7 May 2009
Diatherix Laboratories to make test available to physicians Huntsville, Ala. – Dr. Jian Han, faculty investigator at the HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, has completed development of a rapid response, molecular-level assay for...

Is dephytinization from infant cereals beneficial to the nutrition absorption?
7 May 2009
Cereals are considered a rich plant source of carbohydrate, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, and are therefore are usually introduced to an infant's diet between the ages of four and six months. However, cereals are also rich in...

X-rays help predict permanent bone damage from bisphosphonates
7 May 2009
CHICAGO (May 7, 2009) - Breast cancer patients, individuals at risk for osteoporosis and those undergoing certain types of bone cancer therapies often take drugs containing bisphosphonates. These drugs have been found to place people at risk...

Researchers find way to cut cattle methane, threat to environment, by 25 percent
7 May 2009
Beef farmers can breathe easier thanks to University of Alberta researchers who have developed a formula to reduce methane gas in cattle. By developing equations that balance starch, sugar, cellulose, ash, fat and other elements of feed, a...

OU professor teams with German scientists on discovery of rare molecule
7 May 2009
A rare "Rydberg" molecule discovered by scientists from the University of Stuttgart and University of Oklahoma upheld scientific theory predicting the molecule existed. The team used a gas of rubidium atoms cooled to a temperature of 3...

Kidney disease patients reap rewards of prevention
7 May 2009
Preventative measures help CKD patients maintain health Making sure you see your doctor and have tests run on a regular basis can prevent serious complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a study appearing in an upcoming issue...

Undiagnosed diabetes takes economic toll
7 May 2009
Reports study in Population Health Management New Rochelle, NY, May 7, 2009—Approximately 6.3 million adults—or one fourth of the people in the U.S. with diabetes mellitus—are unaware they have the disease, and this...

Glucose to glycerol conversion in long-lived yeast provides anti-aging effects
7 May 2009
Cell biologists have found a more filling substitute for caloric restriction in extending the life span of simple organisms. In a study published May 8 in the open-access journal PLoS Genetics, researchers from the University of Southern...

New moms find both support and anxiety as a group
7 May 2009
The first rule of 'mommies' club' is, you do not talk about 'mommies' club' Whether they like it or not, new moms are often plunged into a narrowly defined community that is often fraught with conflict and tension, otherwise known as `the...

More pills, less quality of life for kidney patients
7 May 2009
Study finds dialysis patients take an average of 19 pills a day IMAGE: Rajnish Mehrotra co-wrote a paper that appeared in Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. Click here for more...

Global monsoon drives long-term carbon cycles in the ocean
7 May 2009
Monsoon is a global system, and many arrays of evidence indicate that it drives long-term cyclicity of the carbon reservoir in the global ocean. The new view is introduced in a substantial paper in Issue 7 (April 2009) of Chinese Science...

Massage after exercise myth busted by Queen's research team
7 May 2009
Massage actually impairs blood flow to the muscle after exercise A Queen's University research team has blown open the myth that massage after exercise improves circulation to the muscle and assists in the removal of lactic acid and other waste...

New study reveals the financial effects of stroke in China
7 May 2009
A new study has found that families in China face considerable economic hardship following stroke, and it is not uncommon for health care costs to push families below the poverty line. The large study shows over 70% of stroke survivors in...

Too much of a good thing
7 May 2009
When having an extremely high body image can lead to health problems For many women, body image is a constant struggle; a poor self-image can lead to a host of both mental and physical health problems. But a new study out of Temple University...

Medical and Veterinary Entomology
7 May 2009
Fully updated and revised Announcing the new second edition of Medical and Veterinary Entomology by Gary Mullen and Lance Durden. For medical, veterinary, entomology and public health students, this acclaimed textbook has been fully updated...

'Gecko vision': Key to the multifocal contact lens of the future?
7 May 2009
Rockville, MD – Nocturnal geckos are among the very few living creatures able to see colors at night, and scientists' discovery of series of distinct concentric zones may lead to insight into better cameras and contact lenses. The key...

Low blood sugar: A killer for kidney disease patients?
7 May 2009
Patients with or without diabetes are at risk for developing hypoglycemia Low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, poses a serious health threat for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a study appearing in an upcoming issue of the...

Computer simulation at the duodenal stump after gastric resection
7 May 2009
There are various types of reconstruction of gastrointestinal continuity after gastric resection. It seems that insufficient attention has been paid to how the geometry and flow conditions affect the gastroduodenal system after distal gastric...

Shortfall in business innovation at the root of Canada's lagging productivity
7 May 2009
Ottawa – Canada's persistent weakness in productivity growth is due to business strategy choices. "Too few Canadian businesses and entrepreneurs choose strategies that emphasize innovation", says Robert Brown, Chair of the panel of 18...

Home UVB therapy for psoriasis as effective and safe as hospital treatment
7 May 2009
Research: Home versus outpatient ultraviolet B phototherapy for mild to severe psoriasis: Pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled non-inferiority trial For patients with psoriasis, treatment with ultraviolet B (UVB) at home is as effective...

A new light on the mechanisms of early stage liver reperfusion injury
7 May 2009
Reperfusion of a previously ischemic tissue is associated with additional injury leading to structural and functional alterations in many organs including the liver. The injury induced during reperfusion is evolved a biphasic pattern...

New: Neuromodulation
7 May 2009
Comprehensive, in-depth reference Announcing the upcoming publication of Neuromodulation, edited by Elliot S. Krames, P. Hunter Peckham, and Ali R. Rezai. This book is the first comprehensive and in-depth reference textbook covering all...

Is it reasonable to perform polypectomy without interruption of anticoagulation?
7 May 2009
Currently, patients taking anticoagulants to prevent stroke and blood clots are often recommended to stop these medications in order to perform colonoscopy with removal of polyps. However, interruption of these medications can place patients...


 
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