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22 Nov 2009
Science News for 13 Apr 2009
American Chemical Society Weekly PressPac -- April 8, 2009
13 Apr 2009
Here is the latest American Chemical Society (ACS) Weekly PressPac from the Office of Public Affairs. It has news from ACS' 34 peer-reviewed journals and Chemical & Engineering News. Please credit the individual journal or the American...

Diet secrets of 'the Royals'
13 Apr 2009
Elephant tail hair isotopes show cattle out-munch pachyderms IMAGE: A female African elephant walks in Kenya's Samburu National Reserve. Note the hairs on her tail. Scientists from the University of Utah and...

Biosphere 2 experiment shows how fast heat could kill drought-stressed trees
13 Apr 2009
IMAGE: University of Arizona ecologist Henry Adams prepares to move a mature pine tree transported from New Mexico into Biosphere 2, seen in the background, for a climate-controlled experiment on how... Click...

Measuring the immeasurable: New study links heat transfer, bond strength of materials
13 Apr 2009
IMAGE: Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have discovered there is a strong correlation between the speed at which heat moves between two touching materials and how strongly those materials are...

CCNY neuroscientists get $2.8M to study multisensory integration deficit, autism link
13 Apr 2009
Grant from NIH/National Institute of Mental Health NEW YORK, April 13, 2009 – Drs. Sophie Molholm and John Foxe, neuroscientists at The City College of New York (CCNY), have been awarded $2.8 million over five years from the National...

Scientists demonstrate laser with controlled polarization
13 Apr 2009
Innovation opens the door to a wide range of applications in photonics and communications IMAGE: Animation of the demonstration of a laser in which the direction of oscillation of the emitted radiation, known as...

NIH funds development of resistance-breaking insecticides to reduce malaria transmission
13 Apr 2009
Blacksburg, Va. – Researchers from Virginia Tech and Molsoft LLC have received a five-year, $3.557 million grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to continue their promising work on a new class of...

A dirty job but ...
13 Apr 2009
IMAGE: This is Dr. Michael Gozin of Tel Aviv University. Click here for more information. Byproducts from the electronics, fuel, chemical and defense industries can be far from...

Researchers identify how PCBs may alter in utero, neonatal brain development
13 Apr 2009
Findings could explain relationship between PCB exposure, neurodevelopmental disorders in children (SACRAMENTO, Calif.) — In three new studies — including one appearing online today in the Public Library of Science - Biology (PLoS -...

New 'near-field' radiation therapy promises relief for overheating laptops
13 Apr 2009
New cooling method dissipates heat by overcoming low rate of thermal coupling between carbon nanotubes and substrate Our modern age has become accustomed to regular improvements in information technology, says Slava Rotkin, but these advances...

Mathematics and climate change
13 Apr 2009
Gaining insights into the nature of sea ice Providence, RI---In 1994, University of Utah mathematician Ken Golden went to the Eastern Weddell Sea for the Antarctic Zone Flux Experiment. The sea's surface is normally covered with sea ice, the...

Faced with global warming, can wilderness remain natural?
13 Apr 2009
New book says global warming will force us to re-examine what we consider 'natural' and 'wild' Berkeley -- For those who think of nature as a wild, unspoiled Eden that preserves the natural flora and fauna free from human interference, global...

Carnegie Mellon experts say cap and trade not enough
13 Apr 2009
Need to augment proposals PITTSBURGH—A team of researchers at Carnegie Mellon University report in a new policy brief that cap and trade climate policies alone will not be sufficient to put the nation on track to achieve a 50 to 80...

Live demos of Methodspace planned at AERA
13 Apr 2009
New online social networking tool brings practical support in research methods Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore and Washington DC (April 13, 2009) SAGE, the world's leading research methods publisher, will be offering live demos of...

Dartmouth Medical School gene targeting discovery opens door for vaccines and drugs
13 Apr 2009
Turns model parasite into genetic workhorse Hanover, NH--In a genetic leap that could help fast track vaccine and drug development to prevent or tame serious global diseases, DMS researchers have discovered how to destroy a key DNA pathway in a...

K-State engineers create DNA sensors that could identify cancer using material only one atom thick
13 Apr 2009
IMAGE: This is DNA-tethered graphene. Click here for more information. Kansas State University engineers think the possibilities are deep for a very thin...

NASA experiment stirs up hope for forecasting deadliest cyclones
13 Apr 2009
NASA satellite data and a new modeling approach could improve weather forecasting and save more lives when future cyclones develop. About 15 percent of the world's tropical cyclones occur in the northern Indian Ocean, but because of high...

JCI online early table of contents: April 13, 2009
13 Apr 2009
EDITOR'S PICK: Enhancing the effects of the drug used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia Individuals with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are first treated with a drug known as imatinib mesylate. Although very effective, as the disease...

The new 'epigenetics:' Poor nutrition in the womb causes permanent genetic changes in the offspring
13 Apr 2009
New research study in the FASEB Journal explains how poor maternal nutrition passes health risk across generations The new science of epigenetics explains how genes can be modified by the environment, and a prime result of epigenetic inquiry...

Colon cancer shuts down receptor that could shut it down
13 Apr 2009
IMAGE: Dr. Vadivel Ganapathy of the Medical College of Georgia is on the right with MCG graduate student Paresh Chothe. Click here for more information. AUGUSTA, Ga. –...

High-tech speed bump detects damage to army vehicles
13 Apr 2009
IMAGE: Douglas Adams, a Purdue associate professor of mechanical engineering, and graduate student Tiffany DiPetta are working to develop a technology that detects damage to critical suspension components in...

Tweet this: Rapid-fire media may confuse your moral compass
13 Apr 2009
Media culture should allow time for reflective moments, say USC neuroscientists in a study that also shows higher emotions to be as rooted in the body as primal impulses Emotions linked to our moral sense awaken slowly in the mind, according to...

Study finds link between Facebook use, lower grades in college
13 Apr 2009
SAN DIEGO – College students who use Facebook spend less time studying and have lower grade point averages than students who have not signed up for the social networking website, according to a pilot study at one university. However,...

Study of neighborhoods points to modifiable factors, not race, in cancer disparities
13 Apr 2009
While cities have shown considerable racial disparities in cancer survival, those racial disparities virtually disappear among smaller populations, such as neighborhoods within that city. The finding comes from a new analysis published in the...

When cancer cells can't let go
13 Apr 2009
Study shows FAK coordinates movement of migrating cancer cells IMAGE: The invadopodia (glowing dots) speckling a cell lacking FAK (left) are rare on a control cell (right). Click here for more...

Teaching teachers mindfulness to foster education, improve well-being
13 Apr 2009
Teachers who encounter stressful classroom situations can become upset and their teaching may suffer. However, by analyzing teachers' emotional reactions in the classroom and how those emotions affect teaching, Patricia Jennings developed...

While majority of Americans express interest in organ and tissue donation, few register
13 Apr 2009
Survey reveals misperceptions about donation are common IMAGE: This is the Donate Life America logo. Click here for more information. RICHMOND, Va. (April 13, 2009) – While...

Entomology Symposia announced for ESA Annual Meeting
13 Apr 2009
Entomological Society of America's Annual Meeting to be held Dec. 13-16, 2009 in Indianapolis Eight program symposia have been selected for the Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America (ESA), which will be held in Indianapolis,...

Case Western Reserve University receives $1.66m grant from NIH for otoprotection research
13 Apr 2009
Study has potential to uncover new therapeutic approaches CLEVELAND – April 13, 2009 – Qing Yin Zheng, M.D., assistant professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Genetics at the Case Western Reserve University School of...

Stevens Institute of Technology to host 18th annual HSATM Conference
13 Apr 2009
June event will focus on many aspects of technology management HOBOKEN, N.J. — This June the Howe School Alliance for Technology Management at the Stevens Institute of Technology will present its 18th annual conference: Leading in a...

Reflections on 100 years of testing, classroom grades in April 15 talk in San Diego
13 Apr 2009
Although more than three million high school seniors take standardized college admissions tests like the SAT "it is well known by educational researchers that high-school grades are the best indicator of student readiness for college, and...

Tracing resistance to the antimalarial drug sulfadoxine across Africa
13 Apr 2009
Press release from PLoS Medicine In research published in PLoS Medicine, Cally Roper of the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and colleagues use genetic analyses to trace the emergence and dispersal of drug-resistant Plasmodium...

Baby's first dreams
13 Apr 2009
New research in AIP's journal Chaos reveals sleep cycles in early fetus COLLEGE PARK, Maryland, April 13, 2009 -- After about seven months growing in the womb, a human fetus spends most of its time asleep. Its brain cycles back and forth...

Boston College chemistry professor Udayan Mohanty receives a 2009 Guggenheim Fellowship
13 Apr 2009
Physical chemist works at the intersection of chemistry, biology and physics Chestnut Hill, Mass. (April 13, 2009) – Boston College Chemistry Professor Udayan Mohanty has been awarded a 2009 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation...

Boston College authors examine testing obsession in new book 'The Paradoxes of High Stakes Testing'
13 Apr 2009
High-stakes testing is a $2-billion industry in the US Chestnut Hill, Mass. – High stakes exams that 30 million American schoolchildren take each year – at a cost of $2.2 billion – carry both intended and accidental...

Guam rhino beetles got rhythm
13 Apr 2009
In May 2008 the island of Guam became a living laboratory for scientists as they attached acoustic equipment to coconut trees in order to listen for rhinoceros beetles. A grant from USDA IPM allowed Richard Mankin, a recognized world-class...

SIRT1 takes down tumors
13 Apr 2009
New study identifies another anti-cancer effect of the 'longevity' protein SIRT1 IMAGE: Cells that make c-Myc proliferate in culture (left), but not when SIRT1 is present (right). Click here for more...

Enhancing the effects of the drug used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia
13 Apr 2009
Individuals with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are first treated with a drug known as imatinib mesylate. Although very effective, as the disease progresses it often becomes resistant to the drug. However, a team of researchers, at the...

Scripps scientists uncover mimicry at the molecular level that protects genome integrity
13 Apr 2009
The new study, which was published on April 12, 2009, in an advanced online edition of the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, draws new parallels between the Rad60 DNA repair factor and SUMO, a small ubiquitin-like modifier,...

Fish researcher demonstrates first 'non-visual feeding' by African cichlids
13 Apr 2009
Lateral line sensory system detects vibrations from unseen prey KINGSTON, R.I. – April 14, 2009 – Most fish rely primarily on their vision to find prey to feed upon, but a University of Rhode Island biologist and her colleagues have...

Creating ideal neural cells for clinical use
13 Apr 2009
New protocol quickly and efficiently differentiates human embryonic stem cells into committed neural precursor cells LA JOLLA, Calif., April 13, 2009 -- Investigators at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research (Burnham) have developed a...

HIV pays a price for invisibility
13 Apr 2009
Mutations that help HIV hide from the immune system undermine the virus's ability to replicate, show an international team of researchers in the April 13 issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine. The study was published online on March...

Alzheimer's disease: A new small molecule approach to treatment from UCL
13 Apr 2009
New therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer's disease are urgently needed. Work led by Professor Mark Pepys FRS over more than 20 years has identified a protein known as serum amyloid P component (SAP) as a possible therapeutic target in...

University of Toronto chemists uncover green catalysts
13 Apr 2009
Promising for cheaper drug production A University of Toronto research team from the Department of Chemistry has discovered useful "green" catalysts made from iron that might replace the much more expensive and toxic platinum metals typically...

Family ties provide protection against young adult sucidal behavior
13 Apr 2009
SAN FRANCISCO –Adolescents and young adults typically consider peer relationships to be all important. However, it appears that strong family support, not peer support, is protective in reducing future suicidal behavior among young...

Former inmates have increased risk of high blood pressure
13 Apr 2009
Young adults who have been incarcerated appear more likely to have high blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy, an enlarging of the heart muscle that is a common consequence of hypertension, according to a report in the April 13 issue...

Therapeutic effect of imatinib improved with addition of chloroquine
13 Apr 2009
Autophagy, a process that helps leukemia cells evade cell death, appears to be an effect of imatinib treatment (PHILADELPHIA) The therapeutic effects of the blockbuster leukemia drug imatinib may be enhanced when given along with a drug that...

Racial disparities persist in the treatment of lung cancer
13 Apr 2009
Black patients suffering from lung cancer are less likely to receive recommended chemotherapy and surgery than white lung cancer patients, a disparity that shows no signs of lessening. That is the conclusion of a new study published in the May...

Reversing effects of altered enzyme may fight brain tumor growth
13 Apr 2009
An international team of scientists from the Moores Cancer Center at the University of California, San Diego, the University of North Carolina and several institutions in China have explained how a gene alteration can lead to the development...

Many clinicians unaware of federally funded research on alternative therapies
13 Apr 2009
Approximately one in four practicing clinicians appear to be aware of two major federally funded clinical trials of alternative therapies, and many do not express confidence in their ability to interpret research results, according to a report...

Survey research looks at attitudes, obstacles to walking and biking to work
13 Apr 2009
According to researchers with Kansas State University's Physical Activity and Public Health Laboratory, active commuting -- walking or biking to school or work -- can be an easy, effective and efficient way to integrate physical activity into...

New therapies expected to help reduce future visual burden of age-related eye disease
13 Apr 2009
The prevalence of the eye disease age-related macular degeneration is projected to increase substantially by 2050, but the use of new therapies is expected to help mitigate its effects on vision, according to results of simulation modeling...

Screening to help prevent stroke in kids increases, but limited access a problem
13 Apr 2009
ST. PAUL, Minn. – The number of children with a certain blood disorder undergoing an ultrasound to help prevent stroke is up significantly in the past 10 years since the publication of a major study showing its benefits. However, limited...

Study reports success in treating a rare retinal disorder
13 Apr 2009
Ann Arbor, MI--Patients with a rare, blinding eye disease saw their vision improve after treatment with drugs to suppress their immune systems, according to researchers at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center. Because autoimmune...

Erectile dysfunction treatments do not appear to damage vision over 6 months
13 Apr 2009
Two medications used to treat erectile dysfunction in men (tadalafil and sildenafil) do not appear to have visual side effects when taken daily for six months, despite concerns about eye-related complications, according to a report in the...

Aspirin and similar drugs may be associated with brain microbleeds in older adults
13 Apr 2009
Individuals who take aspirin or other medications that prevent blood clotting by inhibiting the accumulation of platelets appear more likely to have tiny, asymptomatic areas of bleeding in the brain, according to a report posted online today...

Review identifies dietary factors associated with heart disease risk
13 Apr 2009
A review of previously published studies suggests that vegetable and nut intake and a Mediterranean dietary pattern appear to be associated with a lower risk for heart disease, according to a report published in the April 13 issue of Archives...

Imaging reveals abnormalities in pathways connecting brain areas in those with writer's cramp
13 Apr 2009
Abnormalities in the fibers connecting different brain areas may contribute to muscle disorders such as writer's cramp, according to a report in the April issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. Previous studies of...

Depression after heart disease ups risk of heart failure
13 Apr 2009
Antidepressant therapy doesn't appear to lower risk, more research needed Patients with heart disease who are subsequently diagnosed with depression are at greater risk for heart failure (HF), a condition in which the heart can't pump enough...

Marijuana smoking increases risk of COPD for tobacco smokers
13 Apr 2009
Smoking both tobacco and marijuana increases the risk of respiratory symptoms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), found a study in CMAJ http://www.cmaj.ca/press/pg814.pdf. Smoking only marijuana, however, was not associated with...

UQ research reclaims the power of speech
13 Apr 2009
A UQ researcher has revealed a new treatment for a speech disorder that commonly affects those who have suffered a stroke or brain injury. PhD graduate Dr Rachel Wenke has shown in a recent study that the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment®...

 
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